convenselas :: essays research papers

Estamos preparando el viaje mas largo y divertido que yo haya reverberation en toda mi vida. Ya estamos apuntadas dos amigas y yo. Queremos ir an Europa y conocer varios paises. Pero tenemos que vonencer a dos amigas mas para tener mas ambiente y protegernos una con otra. Ya tenemos la mayoria de edad y estamos preparando para que este viaje este inolvidable. Laura no quiere ir porque tiene miedo a viajar por avion y Elizabeth no quiere porque quiere pasar las vacaciones de verano con sus padres. Tenemos que convenserlas para que este viaje ocean muy emocionante y placentero en task el mes de junio. Empezare por convenzer a Laura. Ella es un poco timida, le teme a las alturas y a los aviones. Claro que a los juegos mecanicos le encanta subirse y sentir la adrenalina. Tratare por convenserla que no tiene chiste subirse an un avion es sumamente seguro. La seguridad es lo early stage es casi imposible que vuelva a sucerder algo como terrorismo. Los pilotos y los copilotos child sumamente precavidos. Los mecanicos siempre revisan el avion bets del vuelo. Vale la pena subirse an un avion para este maravilloso viaje. Conoceremos Espaã ±a, Roma, Venecia, y muchos paises mas que no puedo escojer. Lo que puede haber tambien le dije a Laura child turbulencias pero eso no es siempre, solamente en dadas ocaciones y siempre avisan con tiempo para que te pongas el cinturon de seguridad. Aparte si te gustan los juegos mecanicos hasta se te puede hacer divertido viajar en avion. Porque nuca lo hayas reverberation y porque tu mom le tiene pavor a los aviones no significa que tu tampoco vaz a so portar el vuelo hacia Europa. Ademas segã ºn estudios realizados por prestigiosas aseguranzas dicen que es mucho mas seguro viajar por avion que por automovil. Convenzi an Elizabeth que este viaje es algo muy interesante sera la primera vez que viajamos todas juntas. Solamente child dos semanas y conoceremos parte de Europa, ya tienes el dinero y el permiso solamente falta que tu quieras. convenselas :: papers look into papers Estamos preparando el viaje mas largo y divertido que yo haya reverberation en toda mi vida. Ya estamos apuntadas dos amigas y yo. Queremos ir an Europa y conocer varios paises. Pero tenemos que vonencer a dos amigas mas para tener mas ambiente y protegernos una con otra. Ya tenemos la mayoria de edad y estamos preparando para que este viaje este inolvidable. Laura no quiere ir porque tiene miedo a viajar por avion y Elizabeth no quiere porque quiere pasar las vacaciones de verano con sus padres. Tenemos que convenserlas para que este viaje ocean muy emocionante y placentero en task el mes de junio. Empezare por convenzer a Laura. Ella es un poco timida, le teme a las alturas y a los aviones. Claro que a los juegos mecanicos le encanta subirse y sentir la adrenalina. Tratare por convenserla que no tiene chiste subirse an un avion es sumamente seguro. La seguridad es lo early stage es casi imposible que vuelva a sucerder algo como terrorismo. Los pilotos y los copilotos child sumamente precavidos. Los mecanicos siempre revisan el avion risks del vuelo. Vale la pena subirse an un avion para este maravilloso viaje. Conoceremos Espaã ±a, Roma, Venecia, y muchos paises mas que no puedo escojer. Lo que puede haber tambien le dije a Laura child turbulencias pero eso no es siempre, solamente en dadas ocaciones y siempre avisan con tiempo para que te pongas el cinturon de seguridad. Aparte si te gustan los juegos mecanicos hasta se te puede hacer divertido viajar en avion. Porque nuca lo hayas reverberation y porque tu mother le tiene pavor a los aviones no significa que tu tampoco vaz a soportar el vuelo hacia Europa. Ademas segã ºn estudios realizados por prestigiosas aseguranzas dicen que es mucho mas seguro viajar por avion que por automovil. Convenzi an Elizabeth que este viaje es algo muy interesante sera la primera vez que viajamos todas juntas. Solamente child dos semanas y conoceremos parte de Europa, ya tienes el dinero y el permiso solamente falta que tu quieras.

Org behavior 3 leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Organization conduct 3 authority - Essay Example The individual authority model+300 9 13 3.2. Abilities+400 13 3.3. Personality+400 16 3.4. Values+500 18 3.5. The conversation wanted successful hypothesis of leadership+500 20 References 23 Bibliography 24 Introduction This procedure must incorporate an organized method for self-evaluation and advancement of vital standards like crucial, beliefs, objectives and so forth. This paper will endeavor to introduce a precise strategy for empowering the administration characteristics. So as to meet this target, this paper is essentially isolated into three segments. The primary area will manage the self appraisal as it is important to recognize and break down the capability of being an effective pioneer. It is likewise significant for taking essential activities for the regions of upgrades. The subsequent segment incorporates the advancement of essential objective, strategic, and so on, and these elements are vital as it makes ready for sustaining the initiative quality. Indeed, this segmen t makes an important reason for empowering administration quality through legitimate bearing. The third area will introduce fundamental hypothetical foundations which are basic for molding administration characteristics. This area will likewise concentrate on the advancement of individual authority models and improvement of other administration characteristics like character, values, capacities and so forth. At long last, the whole conversation will be summarized in the end. 1. Mindfulness and Insight through Self-Assessment To help the need of mindfulness for authority improvement, Rothstein and Burke have remarked that â€Å"self-mindfulness gives a premise to reflection, decision, need setting, change and development† (Rothstein and Burke, 2010, p.5). The accompanying self-evaluation practice have surrounded based on five significant territories that incorporates authority possibilities, fearlessness, administration abilities, correspondence worry and innovative character. 1.1. Your administration potential with respect to evaluation identifying with preparation it is seen that I have scored 6 which thus imply a moderate to higher availability. Our bosses in this manner attempted to clarify the parts of the work to us to help improve our capacities to be progressively prepared with the errand doled out (Leadership, n.d., p.3; Bowerman and Wart, 2011, p.121). The components of participative and stewardship mirror a better than expected score of three and this shows our administrators not just helped work in a participative workplace yet additionally filled in as the defender of the assets both human and mechanical with respect to the association (Nolan, 1998, p.1). This information shows that our directors abstained from demonstrating a legitimate position and furthermore were not the visually impaired supporters of crafted by the subordinates (Waddell, 2006, p.2). 1.2. Your fearlessness regarding my character I am a dedicated and certain person who w ants to act naturally dependent in accomplishing the objectives set or endowed upon me by my bosses. This character characteristic likewise causes my bosses to all the more likely rely upon me for accomplishing errands of cutting edge level. In regard to the appraisal made the scores got in every one of the various parameters mirror an issue in my character where I reflect getting a twitch in regard to the ascending of some surprising occasion which might be antagonistic in nature. 1.3. Your group administration aptitudes This evaluation practice is additionally helpful in understanding the initiative direction of the authority type. The test for this sell-appraisal exerci

Not a Real Entry

Not a Real Entry Last night, I was lying on my mattress somewhere near the precarious edge of the top bunk and feeling mildly superhero-esque in a thrill-seeking, daredevilish, almost-falling-out-of-bed sort of way. I remember vaguely attempting to fall asleep, having heard stories of people doing this at times as early as 2 AM (!). And then I woke up and it was 7:13 AM on Tuesday and I rolled out of bed and ran 3 miles and ate breakfast and walked to class and realized that electric fields sort of actually exist and dropped a class (Harmony and Counterpoint I) and added another class (Harmony and Counterpoint II) and signed up for an X-tra Special musicianship audition because I missed the actual auditions and trudged to the other side of campus and bought overpriced staff paper and suffered the pains of getting owned by the college bookstores price system and then snagged two free coupon books at the MIT bookstore instead of one to mitigate the obscene expensiveness of staff paper* and made a pear salad and harmonized a Bach chorale and plowed through linear algebra homework during a differential equations recitation and pontificated about furnaces with Edward 12 for 30 minutes and went to a lab meeting and started an e m problem set that had a lot of e and no m and ate Thai food at an advising group reunion and signed up to see Spring Awakening with my advising group in May and almost went square dancing with Donald Guy 12 who was carrying about 6 cans of soda in his coat pockets and instead stumbled home at 7:30 PM and finished reconstructing deconstructed fragments of Bach and checked mail** and switched differential recitation sections via MITs uber-convenient online course management system and then realized that I had harmonized the Bach chorale in the wrong key. *This is only acceptable if youre not an economics major. **Someone just regaled the dorm mailing list with an email querying, “Anyone have cool sunglasses I can borrow in the next 15 minutes?” Real blog entry coming soon to a theater near you. Or theatre, if youre on the wrong side of the Atlantic. In the meantime, I leave you with a taste of pictures to come: Bonus Challenge: Last week, Rebecca 12 concocted this resplendent magnum opus of cakery for a dorm potluck. Name the recipe, and Rebecca 12 will personally bake you a cake at CPW* after she kills me for promising this without her permission. *Should the winner be unable to come to CPW, an alternative prize will be arranged. Cryptic Hint With Bad Wordplay: The frosting does not mix with apples, nor is it the color that it appears to be.

Prison Systems Do Not Control The Number Of Prisoners Sent

Miguel Molina Professor Nikki Drago Crimes in America 26 March 27, 2016 Overcrowding in Prisons The prison systems do not control the number of prisoners sent to jails. However, they have to deal with the consequences of this fact. In the last twenty years, all over the world, it is experienced a rapid increase in the number of prisoners. This growth is not limited to any particular type of jurisdiction or political system - it is observed in all regions of the world. According to the incapacitation effect, the shorter the span of opportunity, the fewer offences they can commit during their lives; hence crime is reduced (Siegel 101). For example, in the United States, the number of inmates in prisons has increased from half a million in†¦show more content†¦In order to ease the burden on the budget, in the 80s of the twentieth century, in the United States there was a prisons privatization process and mass construction of private prisons. Companies that own and manage prisons, camps or centers of investigative isolators’ restitution, sign a contract with the fed eral government, state government or the district authorities. They agree to keep a definite amount of prisoners according to state standards, providing a corresponding security level. The managing company receives the guaranteed amount of money from the budget for each inmate (Kamrany). There are no strikes, unemployment and other problems associated with employment. Prison labor produces night-vision goggles, body armor, camouflage uniforms, radio and communication devices, and lighting systems and components for 30-mm to 300-mm battleship anti-aircraft guns, along with land mine sweepers and electro-optical equipment for the BAE Systems Bradley Fighting Vehicle’s laser rangefinder (Flounders). The UNICOR Company is one of the largest contractors for the U.S government which is run by prison labor. With the low cost of labor there is also an increase of costs to keep the convicts in prison. However, it is assumed that exactly the privatization of prisons has led to an increase in the prison population and, consequently, an increase in the cost of their maintenance, as well as overcrowding in prisons and detention facilities,

The Poisonwood Bible, By Barbara Kingsolver, And Jane Eyre

Family Tides Family is extremely valuable and the way you re raised completely molds the your behaviour and beliefs in the future. In the novels â€Å"The Poisonwood Bible,† by Barbara Kingsolver, and â€Å"Jane Eyre,† by Charlotte Bronte, the authors express that when children are brought up by a selfish guardian it will negatively affect them. â€Å"The Poisonwood Bible† is about a christian family of six who go down to the Belgian Congo on a mission trip to â€Å"save† the Congolese. But instead of â€Å"saving† them,â€Å"[they] aimed for no more than to have dominion over every creature that moved upon the earth†(Kingsolver 10). On the other hand the book â€Å"Jane Eyre,† is about a young orphaned heroine named Jane Eyre, and her journey through life in, victorian†¦show more content†¦Reed, she still is a very passive parent and doesn t have too much of a voice of her own, instead she lets Nathan speak for her. Since she is â€Å"the conqueror s wife† she she can t help but feel as nothing more than, â€Å"a conquest herself.† She’s about as authoritative as the late Mr. Reed which doesn’t make her the best parent to raise kids in the unfamiliar Belgian Congo. Within each story there were children who weren t affected by having selfish parents. Examples of children who were unaffected in the future despite their parentage were Jane and Adah. these two being the only exceptions because of their choice to distance themselves Adah and Jane would also distance themselves by seeking seclusion within books, making it a â€Å"transient stimulus,†(Bronte 17) of some sort, for both of them allowing them to escape their guardians. As both Jane, and Adah, grew up they both seeked education unlike the rest of their family. Jane physically got away from her relatives by pursuing an education. Although she â€Å"scarcely knew what school was,† (Bronte 70) she still real ly wanted to get schooling, and finally escape the Reeds. While Jane physically left her family Adah would mentally distance herself from her family. Instead of talking, she â€Å"keeps [her] thoughts to [herself],†(Kingsolver 34)

Norman Mailer’s Stabbing of his Second Wife, Adele Morales Free Essays

Mr. Mailer was an eminent individual of America, he was known as a writer, film producer and director. He completed his Bachelors of Science in aeronautics from Harvard University in 1939. We will write a custom essay sample on Norman Mailer’s Stabbing of his Second Wife, Adele Morales or any similar topic only for you Order Now He became a very famous personality after writing many prominent novels. He married six times throughout his life. He had nine children, out of which eight were biological, and one was adopted. Norman Mailer was considered   Ã‚  a very gifted and assiduous person. In the year 1960, at a party held at his home, Mailer got drunk and stabbed his second wife, Adele Morale, practically killing her. Adele Morale was hurt in the abdomen and back of the body. Most people believed that Mailer was observed as the victim. Mailer had been motivated to do this by compulsion and mental illness, as there was no other reason which could be concluded for this sinful act. While few people criticize him and believe that Mailer did not have any admiration for women, he affirmed on a converse demonstrate, â€Å"Women ought to be kept in confine.†   In a Harper’s Magazine dissertation titled â€Å"The Prisoner of Sex†, he wrote, â€Å"The major accountability of a woman is to be on ground long enough to find the best mate for herself and envisage children who will perk up the species.† So in this research study we have covered all the facts which may be involved in Norman’s stabbing of his second wife, and have described the circumstances which provoked him to perform this violence. Life History ; Achievements of Norman Mailer Norman Mailer was an outstanding personality of the United States of America. He was an author, film producer and director. Normal Mailer was born in New Jersey in 1923. In 1939, Mailer completed his Bachelors of Science in aeronautics from the Harvard University. After completion of his edification, he initiated inscription of novels. In the year 1944, he was driven to the army, where he worked communally as a clerk and rifleman. In the year 1948, he started writing for the novel, â€Å"The Naked and The Death†. In this novel, he elucidated everything which he had perceived in World War II. This novel achieved more accomplishment than it was expected to. It was in 1960 when he wrote many dissertations and became a lead writer. In 1969, Mailer ran for mayor, this time on the â€Å"Secessionist† ticket, which included proposals that New York City become the fifty-first state and that disputes among young criminals be settled by jousting tournaments in Central Park. Mailer’s theatrical journalistic approach is presumed to be of highest esteem in the outstanding Armies of the Night. Mailer triumphed six percent of the ballot in a five man competition to turn out to be the Mayor of New York. He recognized the 1968 Republican and Democratic conference in Miami and the Siege of Chicago, and became the first man to corridor the Moon. During his life time, Mailer married six dissimilar women and had nine children from them, eight of which were his biological children and one was adopted. After spending a troublesome life, Mr. Mailer died at the age of 84 in New York, at Mount Sinai Hospital, due to renal failure. [Norm, Rich]. Marriages of Norman Mailer Norman Mailer married six times, his first marriage took place in the year 1943, and last in 1980. His first wife was Beatrice Silverman, they got married in 1943, and he divorced her in the year 1952. Adele Morales was his second wife, they got married on April 19, 1954 at City Hall, but after a few years, he attempted to kill her with a pen knife, and they were divorced after this ghastly incident. Lady Jeanne Campbell was the third wife of Mailer. They married in the year 1962 and were divorced in 1963. He then decided to marry Beverly Bentley in the year 1963. His fifth wife was Carol Steven whom he married in the year 1980; they were separated after one day of their marriage. He committed himself to Norris Church in the year 1980. [Norm, Sherry, Strifto]. The stabbing incident At a revelry in which Mr. Mailer was to announce his Mayoral candidature on the Secessionist ticket, he was heavily drunk and he stabbed his second wife Adele Morale, practically killing her. She was hit in the abdomen and back of the body, and was taken to the hospital at 8 am sharp. She was admitted to the hospital with an abrasion in close proximity to her heart. Shortly after, detectives went to question her about the incident, but they were told that she was in a very critical situation, and she could not answer their questions. The following day, the police was allowed to visit her as she was feeling better than before. She then informed them that her husband stabbed her on Sunday morning at 5 a.m. without any reason. He unexpectedly walked towards her, looked at her and stabbed her with a penknife. Adele refused to press accusation, so Mailer escaped this indignation within a fortnight at a psychiatric unit of Bellevue. This incident became one of the most terrible events of Mailer’s life. It has been a focal point for feminist critics of Mailer, who point to the subject of sexual aggression in his work.   This confrontation made him separate with his beloved wife. Furthermore, they divorced in the year 1962. This incident also blemished his career and the image he had made among fans. He was no more considered as a celebrity after stabbing his wife. Mailer also felt guilty for his act while appearing in a T.V. documentary.   He himself said, â€Å"The stabbing changed everything in my life. It is the one act I can look back on and regret for the rest of my life.† On the other hand, Adele Morales tells news reporters that Norman Mailer was never guilty for his act because if he was, it would show, additionally; he can never accept that he has any weakness in his character. Carl Rollyson unwrapped the biography of Mailer with narrations of John Maloney, an acquaintance of Mailer. It was in 1954, when Maloney stabbed his mistress and escaped. After a few years he was sent to jail but was released when the convict was taken back from his wife. At that moment, Mailer alleged to him, â€Å"God, I wish I had the courage to stab a woman like that. That was a real gutsy act.† That tells one all one needs to know about Norman Mailer’s idea of â€Å"courage.† In some instances, it conveys very modest disapproval surrounded by upscale intellectuals [Norm Kimball, 2007; Bart, 2007]. Circumstances and Causes of this Incident When the populace attempted to conclude on the subject of Mailer’s stabbing of his second wife, they were frequently bewildered. This was due to the fact that Mailer had a tremendous individuality and overwhelming intelligence, and had written many esteemed articles. While on other hand, he stabbed his wife so it is not very easy to conclude Mailer’s personality and circumstances which drove him to this act. However, we can have a spectacle on what a researcher considered about Norman Mailer, to make a conclusion about the cause of his violent act. Irving Howe believes that Mailer was observed as the victim. He also believes that Mailer had been motivated by compulsivity and mental illness as there was no other reason which can be concluded for this sin. Anyone who reads Mailer’s story would consider him as a victim and they would question themselves additionally, as to what the circumstances were, which forced him to do so. If Mailer’s attempt to assassinate his companion convened with little displeasure, the ‘American Dream’ would not run away so effortlessly. It had its admirer, and on the other hand critic Stanley Edgar Hyman, in an overwhelming review called Norman Mailer’s Luscious Rump, beam a lot, when it was called an appalling novel. Substantially added flamboyance than antagonism, it is a book whose dreadfulness is in actual fact begging description. It can be said that Mailer performed this violent act because he would be mentally depressed at times, as he had a troubling life. However, some people believe that Mailer was thought of as a celebrity who was a drinker and brawler, womanizer, biased campaigner, communal critic, talk-show guest, self-promoter, and symbol of male sexism. The stabbing incident became the evidence of Mailer’s reputation as a boisterous person too [Norm Kimball]. The above discussion clearly concludes that the causes of this incident may be   some mental illness, or it was his cruel nature towards women which made him   perform this horrible act. References Bart Barnes, November 11, 2007, A blustery force in life and letter retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2007/11/11/ST2007111101767.html. About.com, quotes about Norman Mailer previous marriages retrieved from http://marriage.about.com/od/thearts/a/normanmailer_3.htm Richard Avedo, Norman Mailer autobiography retrieved from   http://www.notablebiographies.com/Lo-Ma/Mailer-Norman.html. Mailer a dissenting view, Roger Kimball http://pajamasmedia.com/xpress/rogerkimball/2007/11/10/norman_mailer_a_dissenting_vie.php.                   How to cite Norman Mailer’s Stabbing of his Second Wife, Adele Morales, Essay examples

Negligence and Liability

Introduction Negligence is the largest of the three major categories of torts. It covers injuries or other losses caused by unreasonableness. The other two categories are intentional and strict liability torts (Statsky, 2011). The broad meaning of negligence is the failure to use reasonable care that an ordinary prudent person would have used in a similar situation, resulting in harm or other loss.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Negligence and Liability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The short definition of the same is injury or other loss caused by the failure to use reasonable care. Okrent (2009) defines negligence as tortfeasor’s failure to exercise reasonable care, thus causing a foreseeable injury to another person or that person’s property. Negligence liability exists when someone is at fault. The injury he or she causes must be due to an error or defect in judgment or conduct to w hich blame and culpability are attached. This paper provides an analysis of a news article written within the last six months that illustrates a case of negligence. The article to be discussed is one released on Newser, an online news site developed in the United States of America. Description of the Article The said article appeared in the Newser issue of August 14th, 2012. The article is about a Thai Senator who accidentally shot his secretary at a dinner. According to a report by the police, Senator Boonsong Kowawisarat was happily enjoying a meal with members of his family when he accidentally shot his ex-wife who allegedly worked as his secretary (Quinn, 2012). Although it might appear that the shot went off accidentally, it is not obvious why he chose to go for dinner with his submachine gun loaded. In a lawsuit, close relatives of the Senator’s ex-wife were the plaintiff while Senator Boonsong Kowawisarat was the defendant. Elements of Negligence According to Iyer (200 1), the elements of negligence include duty, breach of duty, proximate cause, or casual connection, and damages. Usually, the plaintiff has the burden of proving a number of things. First, he or she must be able to show that the defendant owed a duty to him or her. Second, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant breached the duty. Thirdly, the plaintiff must be able to prove that there is a proximate cause or casual connection between the breach of duty and the injury suffered (Okrent, 2009). Finally, there must be proof of damage or actual harm caused to the plaintiff.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Each of these elements is required for negligence to exist. If the answer to any of the elements is â€Å"No†, negligence does not exist. For example, the first is whether the tortfeasor owes a duty of reasonable care to the injured party. If not, then the analysis stops with the conclusion that no negligence has occurred. If yes, then one must ask whether the tortfeasor breached the duty of reasonable care. If not, the injury is finished, and once again, the analyst concludes that there was no negligence. If yes, then one continues querying through causation, and damages. Each element must be satisfied for negligence to exist. Contributory Negligence as a Form of Negligence Defense Contributory negligence is a form of negligence defense which the defendant could use to defeat the negligence action. Although â€Å"volenti non fit injury† or â€Å"to a willing person, injury is not done† is another option that may be used by the defendant, the contributory negligence is the best way to go. Under â€Å"volenti non fit injuria†, the Senator would escape liability for the consequences of negligence if the claimant expressly or impliedly agrees to accept the legal risk associated with the negligence. Generally, contri butory negligence is considered a partial defense to the majority of actions in tort, including negligence (Okrent, 2009). Where the court finds the fault on the part of both the claimant and the defendant, then the damages will be reduced to the extent that the court thinks just and equitable. According the Law Reform Act of 1945, if any person suffers damage as the result partly of his or her own fault and partly of the fault of any other person or persons, a claim in respect of that damage shall not be defeated by reason of the fault of the persons suffering the damage, but the damages recoverable in respect shall be reduced to such extent as the court thinks just and equitable considering the claimant’s share in the responsibility for the damage. This is sometimes referred to as the stalemate rule. If both parties were to blame, the law did nothing to compensate the loss. The statutory provisions mark a considerable improvement over the previous common law in terms of not only fairness but also simplicity since the stalemate rule was subject to considerable variation over the years. For example, the courts in England have devised a last opportunity rule whereby a plaintiff whose fault had played some part in creating a hazard could still recover damages if the defendant had the last chance to avoid the harm. This rule and many intricate variations around it need not detain us because they play no part in the current law. However, since fairness and justice are the guiding principles for reducing damages, it is important to note that fairness in apportionment, taking into account relative fault and responsibility for damage, might not produce fair outcomes overall.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Negligence and Liability specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a particular issue in actions for personal injury, and above all, in cases where there is a compulsory scheme o f the third party insurance. The portion of damages withheld because of contributory negligence frequently represents loss that the claimant must bear alone. For example, a cyclist who gets too close to a line of parked cars may have damages reduced if a car driver carelessly opens a door into his or her path. Similarly, a pedestrian who does not take sufficient care in crossing the road may have damages reduced even if the car that hits him or her was moving too fast. As a senior government official, Senator Boonsong Kowawisarat had a right to carry his submachine gun along with him wherever he went. There are not rules that restrict senior officials of his caliber to be not armed during meal, be it with family members or otherwise. It is, therefore, unfair for any person to claim that Senator Boonsong Kowawisarat intentionally shot dead his secretary. Despite the fact that the Senator was no longer living with his ex-wife, there are no indications of any conflicts happened between them. A case of Senator Boonsong Kowawisarat is something that could happen to any one else in his position. Furthermore, the secretary is also partly to blame for what happened. Unless she had sat directly facing the Senator, she probably would not have been shot. She could have been sitting elsewhere and the tragedy would not have occurred. I am, therefore, convinced that the victim should bear part of the blame and hence, contributory negligence can be used by the Senator in defense. The apportionment of responsibility between the parties, however, ought to be the most difficult aspect of the contributory negligence. Ideally, this apportionment should reflect responsibility for the damage suffered. Responsibility in this context is a question partly of causal influence and partly of degree of fault. Practically, courts arrive at the reduction in a fairly rough manner, without engaging in very detailed enquiries about causal impact or relative fault. Argument for or Against Proce eding with a Lawsuit In my opinion, the plaintiff does not need to proceed to press charges. As it has been explained above, the plaintiff bears equal responsibility. Pressing any charges against the Senator would thus be a waste of time and money. If the court correctly applied the Law Reform Act of 1945, then the plaintiff would be on the losing end.Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From the above description of the law, it appears that the secretary had the option of sitting elsewhere, not directly facing the Senator. It was her choice of a place to sit that eventually led to her being shot dead. Furthermore, the Senator had nothing to do with her decision to sit where she did. The right thing to do, therefore, would be to desist from proceeding with a lawsuit against the Senator. References Iyer, P. W. (2001). Nursing Malpractice, 2nd ed.. Tucson, AZ: Lawyers Judges Publishing Company. Okrent, C. J. (2009). Torts and Personal Injury Law. Clifton Park: Cengage Learning. Quinn, R. (2012, August 14). Thai Senator ‘Accidentally’ Shoots Secretary at Dinner: His Uzi Goes off in Restaurant. Newser. Retrieved from https://www.newser.com/story/152036/thai-senator-accidentally-shoots-secretary-at-dinner.html Statsky, W. P. (2011). Essentials of Torts. Clifton Park: Cengage Learning. This research paper on Negligence and Liability was written and submitted by user Santos Ramos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Demand and Supply of Kitkat Essays

Demand and Supply of Kitkat Essays Demand and Supply of Kitkat Essay Demand and Supply of Kitkat Essay Based on the demanded and supply of Kitkat, If I am the manager of Ten-10 in Lim Kok Wing University, I would lower the price of a bar of KitKat. In demand, if I lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the quantity of demanded will increase, so more people would buy the bar of Kitkat. More people in Lim Kok Wing University would afford to buy the bar of Kitkit. In supply, the lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the greater the quantity supply. So there is more product to being sell. 2 a)If the price of chicken rice increase, the quantity demand of chicken rice will decrease, therefore less people will buy chicken rice in Lim Kok Wing University. In supply, the quantity of supply will increase. b)If the price of potato and mix vegetables increase, the price of chicken chop will remain the same. They will put less vegetable and potato for the chicken rice to prevent raise of price of the chicken rice. The cost and quantity of chicken rice will still be the same. So there are no change in quantity of chicken rice and the rise of price in chicken rice. c)If the price of the chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine at other outlet in Makanlah increase, the amount of student in Lim Kok Wing that going to eat lunch the will be decrease. The quantity of chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine will increase because there is less student buy the food. 3)

The Domestication and History of Modern Horses

The Domestication and History of Modern Horses The modern domesticated horse (Equus caballus) is today spread throughout the world and among the most diverse creatures on the planet. In North America, the horse was part of the megafaunal extinctions at the end of the Pleistocene. Two wild subspecies survived until recently, the Tarpan (Equus ferus ferus, died out ca 1919) and Przewalskis Horse (Equus ferus przewalskii, of which there are a few left). Horse history, especially the timing of the domestication of the horse, is still being debated, partly because the evidence for domestication itself is debatable. Unlike other animals, criteria such as changes in body morphology (horses are extremely diverse) or the location of a particular horse outside of its normal range (horses are very widespread) are not useful in helping resolve the question. Evidence for Horse Domestication The earliest possible hints for domestication would be the presence of what appears to be a set of postmolds with lots of animal dung within the area defined by the posts, which scholars interpret as representing a horse pen. That evidence has been found at Krasnyi Yar in Kazakhstan, in portions of the site dating to as early as 3600 BC. The horses may have been kept for food and milk, rather than riding or load-bearing. Accepted archaeological evidence of horseback riding includes bit wear on horse teeth- that has been found in the steppes east of the Ural mountains at Botai and Kozhai 1 in modern Kazakhstan, around 3500-3000 BC. The bit wear was only found on a few of the teeth in the archaeological assemblages, which might suggest that a few horses were ridden to hunt and collect wild horses for food and milk consumption. Finally, the earliest direct evidence of the use of horses as beasts of burden- in the form of drawings of horse-drawn chariots- is from Mesopotamia, about 2000 BC. Krasnyi Yar includes over 50 residential pithouses, adjacent to which have been found dozens of postmolds. The postmolds- archaeological remnants of where posts have been set in the past- are arranged in circles, and these are interpreted as evidence of horse corrals. Horse History and Genetics Genetic data, interestingly enough, has traced all extant domesticated horses to one founder stallion, or to closely related male horses with the same Y haplotype. At the same time, there is a high matrilineal diversity in both domestic and wild horses. At least 77 wild mares would be required to explain the diversity of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in current horse populations, which probably means quite a few more. A 2012 study (Warmuth and colleagues) combining archaeology, mitochondrial DNA, and Y-chromosomal DNA supports the domestication of horse as occurring once, in the western part of the Eurasian steppe, and that because of the horses wild natures, several repeated introgression events (restocking of horse populations by adding wild mares), must have occurred. As identified in earlier studies, that would explain the diversity of mtDNA. Three Strands of Evidence for Domesticated Horses In a paper published in Science in 2009, Alan K. Outram and colleagues looked at three strands of evidence supporting horse domestication at Botai culture sites: shin bones, milk consumption, and bitwear. These data support domestication of the horse between about 3500-3000 BC sites in what is today Kazakhstan. Horses skeletons at Botai Culture sites have gracile metacarpals. The horses metacarpals- the shins or cannon bones- are used as key indicators of domesticity. For whatever reason (and I wont speculate here), shins on domestic horses are thinner- more gracile- than those of wild horses. Outram et al. describe the shinbones from Botai as being closer in size and shape to those of Bronze age (fully domesticated) horses compared to wild horses. Fatty lipids of horse milk were found inside of pots. Although today it seems a bit weird to westerners, horses were kept for both their meat and milk in the past- and still are in the Kazakh region as you can see from the photograph above. Evidence of horse milk was found at Botai in the form of fatty lipid residues on the insides of ceramic vessels; further, evidence for consumption of horse meat has been identified at Botai culture horse and rider burials. Bit wear is in evidence on horse teeth. Researchers noted bitting wear on horses teeth- a vertical strip of wear on the outside of horses premolars, where the metal bit damages the enamel when it sits between the cheek and tooth. Recent studies (Bendrey) using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis found microscopic-sized fragments of iron embedded on Iron Age horse teeth, resulting from metal bit use. White Horses and History White horses have had a special place in ancient history-according to Herodotus, they were held as sacred animals in the Achaemenid court of Xerxes the Great (ruled 485-465 BC). White horses are associated with the Pegasus myth, the unicorn in the Babylonian myth of Gilgamesh, Arabian horses, Lipizzaner stallions, Shetland ponies, and Icelandic pony populations. The Thoroughbred Gene A recent DNA study (Bower et al.) examined the DNA of Thoroughbred racing horses and identified the specific allele which drives their speed and precocity. Thoroughbreds are a specific breed of horse, all of whom today are descended from the children of one of three foundation stallions: Byerley Turk (imported to England in the 1680s), Darley Arabian (1704) and Godolphin Arabian (1729). These stallions are all of Arab, Barb and Turk origin; their descendants are from one of only 74 British and imported mares. Horse breeding histories for Thoroughbreds have been recorded in the General Stud Book since 1791, and the genetic data certainly supports that history. Horse races in the 17th and 18th centuries ran 3,200-6,400 meters (2-4 miles), and horses were usually five or six years old. By the early 1800s, the Thoroughbred was bred for traits that enabled speed and stamina over distances from 1,600-2,800 meters at three years of age; since the 1860s, the horses have been bred for shorter races (1,000-1400 meters) and younger maturity, at 2 years. The genetic study looked at the DNA from hundreds of horses and identified the gene as C type myostatin gene variant, and came to the conclusion that this gene originated from a single mare, bred to one of the three founder male horses about 300 years ago. See Bower et al for additional information. Thistle Creek DNA and Deep Evolution In 2013, researchers led by Ludovic Orlando and Eske Willerslev of the Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark and University of Copenhagen (and reported in Orlando et al. 2013) reported on a metapodial horse fossil which had been found in permafrost within a Middle Pleistocene context in the Yukon territory of Canada and dated between 560,00-780,000 years ago. Amazingly, the researchers found that there were sufficiently intact molecules of collagen within the matrix of the bone to enable them to map the Thistle Creek horses genome. The researchers then compared the Thistle Creek specimen DNA to that of an Upper Paleolithic horse, a modern donkey, five modern domestic horse breeds, and one modern Przewalskis horse. Orlando and Willerslevs team found that over the past 500,000 years, horse populations have been enormously sensitive to climate change and that extremely low population sizes are associated with warming events. Further, using the Thistle Creek DNA as a baseline, they were able to determine that all modern existing equids (donkeys, horses, and zebras) originated from a common ancestor some 4-4.5 million years ago. In addition, Przewalskis horse diverged from the breeds which became domestic some 38,000-72,000 years ago, confirming the long-held belief that Przewalskis is the last remaining wild horse species. Sources Bendrey R. 2012. From wild horses to domestic horses: a European perspective. World Archaeology 44(1):135-157. Bendrey R. 2011. Identification of metal residues associated with bit-use on prehistoric horse teeth by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Journal of Archaeological Science 38(11):2989-2994. Bower MA, McGivney BA, Campana MG, Gu J, Andersson LS, Barrett E, Davis CR, Mikko S, Stock F, Voronkova V et al. 2012. The genetic origin and history of speed in the Thoroughbred racehorse. Nature Communications 3(643):1-8. Brown D, and Anthony D. 1998. Bit Wear, Horseback Riding and the Botai Site in Kazakstan. Journal of Archaeological Science 25(4):331-347. Cassidy R. 2009. The horse, the Kyrgyz horse and the ‘Kyrgyz horse’. Anthropology Today 25(1):12-15. Jansen T, Forster P, Levine MA, Oelke H, Hurles M, Renfrew C, Weber J, Olek, and Klaus. 2002. Mitochondrial DNA and the origins of the domestic horse. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99(16):10905–10910. Levine MA. 1999. Botai and the origins of horse domestication. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 18(1):29-78. Ludwig A, Pruvost M, Reissmann M, Benecke N, Brockmann GA, Castaà ±os P, Cieslak M, Lippold S, Llorente L, Malaspinas A-S et al. 2009. Coat Color Variation at the Beginning of Horse Domestication. Science 324:485. Kavar T, and Dovc P. 2008. Domestication of the horse: Genetic relationships between domestic and wild horses. Livestock Science 116(1):1-14. Orlando L, Ginolhac A, Zhang G, Froese D, Albrechtsen A, Stiller M, Schubert M, Cappellini E, Petersen B, Moltke I et al. 2013. Recalibrating Equus evolution using the genome sequence of an early Middle Pleistocene horse. Nature in press. Outram AK, Stear NA, Bendrey R, Olsen S, Kasparov A, Zaibert V, Thorpe N, and Evershed RP. 2009. The Earliest Horse Harnessing and Milking. Science 323:1332-1335. Outram AK, Stear NA, Kasparov A, Usmanova E, Varfolomeev V, and Evershed RP. 2011. Horses for the dead: funerary foodways in Bronze Age Kazakhstan. Antiquity 85(327):116-128. Sommer RS, Benecke N, Là µugas L, Nelle O, and Schmà ¶lcke U. 2011. Holocene survival of the wild horse in Europe: a matter of open landscape? Journal of Quaternary Science 26(8):805-812. Rosengren Pielberg G, Golovko A, Sundstrà ¶m E, Curik I, Lennartsson J, Seltenhammer MH, Drum T, Binns M, Fitzsimmons C, Lindgren G et al. 2008. A cis-acting regulatory mutation causes premature hair graying and susceptibility to melanoma in the horse. Nature Genetics 40:1004-1009. Warmuth V, Eriksson A, Bower MA, Barker G, Barrett E, Hanks BK, Li S, Lomitashvili D, Ochir-Goryaeva M, Sizonov GV et al. 2012. Reconstructing the origin and spread of horse domestication in the Eurasian steppe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Early edition.

Promotional techniques Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Promotional techniques - Coursework Example Section-A: Advertising and Design: 1. Target Market Profile: The products of MAC target a wide range of consumers that encompasses people of all age groups, cultural and economic backgrounds and gender. However, they accord significance to working with children and families. Therefore, their target market is quite wide and diversified and they will have to incorporate variety in their products and well as promotional techniques. On the other hand, due to their emphasis on children, youngsters and families, their strategies will also have to be devised to appeal to this segment of audience. Thus, while designing product promotion strategies and visual ad materials, they have to make sure that these things appeal to the whole range of their target market. 2. Product Differentiation: In the case of MAC, product differentiation is a key component for them to gain access to a wide variety of consumers whose spatial recognition, aesthetical perceptions and expectation of quality vary drast ically. Spatial recognition plays a major role in the case of art and evidence suggests that spatial differentiation leads to â€Å"greater product differentiation† (Datta & Sudhir 2012: 2). So far it relates to products such as arts and arts classes, the expectations of MAC’s audience vary drastically. ... Ads of this nature are highly effective not only in informing and educating the consumers but also to â€Å"manipulate and persuade† them (637). Taking into consideration the target audience of MAC, which encompasses people of all ages and backgrounds, above line ad can be an effective means to introduce and strengthen their brand as well as to create â€Å"favourite images† constantly in the minds of the consumers (637). As can be discerned from the Target Market Character Profile Assessment (CPA) sheet, a major portion of the consumers for MAC falls in category that views visual media at a higher rate. Thus, the most appropriate option for promoting their products is through television advertisement. This will enable them to access a large segment of the audience such as children and youngsters who are their main focus as well as adults including elders. The rate of consumption of TV of all categories of the target audience is quite high and hence TV ads will enable t he company to make their product to reach to almost hundred percent of the population. On the other hand, it is relevant that though it is primarily locality based, MAC belongs to the category of a tourist attraction and therefore their products have relevance to audience at national and international levels. Thus, ad campaigns through national television networks will enable the company to access an audience from the domestic market as well as those who come to England for business or tourism purposes. Another major above the line ad platform for this company could be the print media such as news papers and magazines. Ads in this media will enable them to access a major portion of the audience such as elder people, adults as well as

Understanding Best Methods in Evidence-Based Practices in Healthcare Research Paper

Understanding Best Methods in Evidence-Based Practices in Healthcare and for Nurses - Research Paper Example In today’s medical world, electronic clinical information systems (ECIS) are now found in every hospital and clinic setting, allowing for nurses and doctors to quickly access information electronically and apply solutions immediately at the patient’s bedside. When medical staff are able to complete forms and search for information electronically using national standard code terms (or SNLs) on hand-held devices, this eliminates the older practices of having to return to one’s desk to look up information in books and office folders and then notate everything on paper. Eliminating excess time by having portable access to electronic medical information databases on the go, provides the environment in all clinics and hospitals of quickly and accurately providing efficient solutions and operations for all concerned (Allread et al., 2004). The ability for nurses to conduct research also provides the development needed for gaining experience in addressing clinical questi ons about cases and confronting ethical issues (Webb, 2011). Clinical research also provides opportunities to build a strong foundation of scientific information and knowledge, particularly applicable to clinical settings. Research in evidence-based systems also provides opportunities in developing processes within the nursing management sector as part of delivering better information and infrastructure in hospitals and clinics, between management and staff and between management, staff, and patients (Webb, 2011).

Supply Chain Management In Emirates Airline Commerce Essay

Supply Chain Management In Emirates Airline Commerce Essay The aviation industry is the fastest growing sector worldwide that has enhanced the travelling experience of passengers across the globe. With breakthrough inventions happening in the aviation industry, the business environment has become tough and competitive for the airlines operating in present times (Shieh, 1740). Recently, the emergence of low-cost airlines has severely impacted the businesses of those airlines that have been leading the aviation industry for decades. However, these new entrants still lag behind in the development of an effective Supply Chain Management (SCM) system. In the last few years, the organization structures of many airline companies have undergone drastic transformations to incorporate the challenges encountered during the tough economic time that have been prevailing since 2008. Since the aviation industry has become dynamic and competitive, every player in the market has to ensure that it meets the demands of its target market effectively (Bolstorff and Robert, 40). In the airline industry, only those companies can survive that have a competitive edge in their SCM process which will ensure that they are providing premium quality services at competitive rates to their customers. Emirates Airline is among those companies that entered the market with the aim of becoming the leader in the aviation industry worldwide. It is among the top-ranked airlines available in the market which has been providing excellent range of services to its customers ranging from leisure to business travelling packages. Emirates Airline was the pioneer in introducing the concept of online booking and e-check-in system in United Arab Emirates (UAE). In order to exceed the expectations of its customers, the management team has developed a separate division Emirates Engineering for developing an effective SCM framework (About Emirates Engineering, 3). Presently, Emirates Airline has a well-designed and strategically developed SCM system but there are some areas that need to be addressed by the Procurement and Operations department of the organization to effectively manage the prospective challenges in the aviation industry. Background of Emirates Airline Emirates Airline also known as Emirates is the top-ranked airline that is based at Dubai International Airport in Dubai, UAE. It is considered to be the largest airline in the Middle Eastern region that has been operating about 2,500 flights on weekly basis from Terminal 3 which is its central hub. Emirates is offering its services in 122 cities that are spread in 74 countries; it is the chief subsidiary of the Emirates Group and employs more than fifty thousand employees. The airline is owned by the Government of Dubai and its cargo activities are performed by the Emirates SkyCargo division of the Emirates Group (The Emirates Story, 4). The primary aim of this airline since its inception is to provide high quality services to the customers; quantity is never an important factor for performance evaluation of the airline. From regional travel destinations, Emirates Airline has evolved into an international airline that carries millions of passengers to various destinations on yearly basis. Emirates has divided its airline businesses into three broad categories i.e. international cargo division, airline IT developer and full-fledged travel and tourism destination management division (The Emirates Story, 23). Emirates has an exclusive range of wide-bodied aircraft fleet that comprises of three main aircraft families i.e. Boeing 777, Airbus A380, and Airbus A330/A340. It has set a policy that it will always keep a young fleet which stands as 6.7 years on average and it ensures that the fleet is renewed frequently (About Emirates Engineering, 30). In order to have effective operational facilities for its aircrafts, Emirates has developed an entire new division Emirates Engineering where all the matters related to quality assurance, maintenance and repair of the fleet is performed. Currently, it has passenger aircraft fleet of 175 and nineteen aircraft are still on order (Engineering Procurement Aircraft, 34). SCM structure of Emirates Airline SCM has evolved to become an integral part of all organizations and it is the pre-requisite of every airline that wants to maintain a competitive position in the market. Initially, Emirates had a Procurement and Operations department that had the responsibility of managing the information and materials data and its main focus was on developing a strong internal value chain. The primary focal point of the department was to be a suppliers supplier to the customers customer. When Emirates faced problems in the functioning of its aircraft in 2004, the management team decided to restructure the complete procurement, operations and logistics aspects of the business (Storey, Caroline, Janet and Alan, 756). The Procurement and Operations department was divested from the other functions and Emirates Engineering was established as a separate group. Under this new section, SCM was defined as combining the impacts of all companies that are involved in the production, distribution and sales of the airline goods and services i.e. from suppliers to the manufacturers to the distributors to the final consumers. According to this new approach, every stakeholder involved in the production and operation network is part of the supply chain (Kannan and Keih, 153). Emirates Engineering is viewed as the best and highly technologically advanced facility for aircraft repair, maintenance and servicing. In order to provide adequate engineering support to the entire fleet of Emirates, the department has outsourced the maintenance contracts to third parties. In order to meet the industry benchmarks, all aspects of Engineering, Quality, Planning, Logistics and Maintenance are effectively managed and implemented by highly skilled and well-experienced professionals who have ample knowledge about the particularities of SCM process (Engineering Materials Management, 35). There is a Procurement section in the Emirates Engineering division that provides support to the airline operations by undertaking all contracting and outsourcing contracts of every commodity of aircraft that comprise of fleet, equipment, spares, power plants, catering services and many more. There are four broad categories in the procurement department classified as power plans, airframe systems, cabin and avionics. The entire team is implementing a precise process approach by working as a cross-functional team; in such teams, the experts of all divisions are included to ensure that the supply chain requirements of the business are met at optimum level (Bhardawaj and Mitra, 60; Huan, Sunil and Ge, 24). This department bears the responsibility of managing cordial relations with suppliers for ensuring 100% satisfaction with the delivery and performance of the goods and services provided by them. In the airlines, quality of the aircraft is the utmost priority (Harrison and Remko, 140; Gunasekaran and E., 585) and Emirates Engineering section ensures that this area is never overlooked by the experts of the division. There is a distinctive management team for warranty and product support that is responsible for carrying out an array of activities such as contracts management, compliance with digital recording of documents, ensuring presence of a safe and secured storage area for every contractual documentation and appropriate administration of warranty and guarantees (Engineering Materials Management, 50). Â  SCM Network of Emirates Airline The present Supply Chain network of Emirates Airline (Refer to Appendix I) can be divided primarily into three main chains that are inter-linked: Emirates Engineering that is providing top quality aircraft and facilities within the fleet to the Emirates Group so that it can meet the requirements of its customers who are the passengers. Product Support Agreements (PSAs) are signed between the Procurement Department and supplier of the division who ensure that the airline is provided aircrafts in accordance with the specifications. The suppliers then have agreements with their suppliers named as direct suppliers who ensure that the finest raw materials are provided for manufacturing the fleet with precision. Value Chain Analysis of Emirates Airline In order to have effective management of procurement, operations and logistics department, it is vital for every organization to conducts its value chain analysis on an ongoing basis (Sisco and Joyce, 60). With the proper utilization of value chain analysis of entire SCM process, Emirates management team ensures that it properly allocates its resources for efficient management of inventory while adhering to the high quality standards required in the aviation industry (About Emirates Engineering, 34). The value chain analysis of Emirates Airline is explained below to briefly describe its activities as highlighted in Appendix II: The product development section of marketing department conducts market research on frequent basis to generate ideas for new products and services and work on its feasibility policy to decide about the cost requirements in accordance with the service standards of the industry. The material management team, component management team and procurement team work with the suppliers to ensure there is effective co-ordination among the teams and ensuring that right suppliers are included in the PSAs and proper measures are taken in developing healthy relationships with them. The flight and ground operations department of component management teams ensure that the inputs are effectively transformed into products of high quality that will add value to the airlines operational activities. Customer Relations department which is an integral part of the after-sales service ensures that the passengers having any problem with their flights or baggage are properly handled. The personnel are trained in providing the superb service to the passengers both in-flight and on ground so that they have an excellent travelling experience. Human Resource department ensures that all employees are provided detailed information about the companys policies, strategies and rules so that they ensure compliance with the work standards. The employees are given sufficient training so that they can exceed the expectations of the customers. IT department has the main responsibility of ensuring that a well-developed SCM system is implemented and managed to allow efficient flow of information that will ease decision making processes for various departments of the airline. Finance department is responsible for controlling the costs of managing the operations along with ensuring maintenance of effective auditing procedures so that everything is conducted within the legal boundaries. Product Life Cycle Management at Emirates As the business environment is becoming competitive and challenging for the organizations, it has become vital for them to continuously upgrade and introduce new and innovative their product and service offerings to proficiently fulfill the changing demands of the customers (Handfield, Robert and Steven, 6; Subhramain et al., 5). In airlines, product life cycle management is become a pre-requisite for maintaining the competitive edge in the market. Similarly, Emirates has created a separate division Engineering Projects that assists the airline in employing the expertise of the professionals working in this department for evaluation, specification and negotiation of unique and new products and services. The entire process of product life cycle management is effectively monitored and the team guarantees that each and every step from generation of idea to the final delivery and acceptance are evaluated; any problems identified are addressed instantly to avoid any issues after complete development of the product. Within the department, there are two teams that are working on the development of its service offerings; one is Inflight Entertainment (IFE) team and other is Cabin Interior team (Engineering Projects, 3). The project team of IFE comprises of the specialists of products and professionals of IFE systems engineering. All team members are carefully selected to ensure that they have in-depth knowledge about IFE so that they can properly define, create and install an array of highly advanced and sophisticated inflight entertainment systems. A general product development process followed by IFE team is as follows: First of all, the experts work closely with the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) like Boeing and Airbus, product marketing and inflight services departments to develop a detailed list of the IFE system requirements. After the preparation of the list, the product vision is established so that everyone has an idea about the product that they perceive to be ideal for the end consumers. In the design and testing process, development milestones are set and they are coordinated and monitored in a group form by seeking opinion from the seat manufactures, third party suppliers, IFE suppliers and OEMs so that the process is carried out properly. The Buyer Furnished Equipment (BFE) list definition is referred for close monitoring of the IFE product specifications so that IFE system can support the new product installation process. The team provides follow up and support in the installation and integration activities of IFE system. IFE product development specifications are verified to ensure compliance with the requirements of the system. Inspection of the acceptance process of IFE system is done to ensure that support is provided for the existing IFE process. Before gaining entrance into the service, the spare parts list is prepared for the spares procurement department so that the recommendation of the experts can be taken. In-house training along with IFE service readiness activities are organized so that adequate support can be provided for the new system. After developing the personnel, the product development team works with the Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) certification houses, airline base maintenance and installation teams so that retrofit processes can be effectively coordinated. After the complete development of new IFE service, a maintenance and troubleshooting manual is developed along with software; all of these elements are designed, developed and delivered directly from the suppliers before the aircraft completely introduces the new service. The cabin interiors team undertakes various activities to ensure that the passengers have exceptional travelling experience by exceeding their expectations. This team has responsibility of performing a diverse range of activities which are as follows: Introducing unique and innovative features and amenities to enhance the comfort level of passengers. Developing the specifications for latest BFE products. Evaluation and selection of the best suppliers for BFE products. Coordinating the technology and managing the program required for management of the items of BFE. Providing support to other department for facilitating smooth introduction of contemporary aircrafts that have been added to its fleet. Role of Information Technology (IT) in SCM An effective SCM is one which has a strong IT system that will provide support to the organization in managing its operations effectively and productively (Blanchard, 80; Gaudenzi and Antonio, 116). With the help of an efficient IT system, the inventory and warehousing costs are reduced to a great extent; efficiency of the production process is enhanced; and inflight services are upgraded on constant basis to ensure that passengers are provided an extraordinary appealing and thrilling travelling experience. In order to have a highly productive SCM system, Emirates has installed an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) system that is operated primarily by the Engineering Materials Management section; the experts are responsible for developing the policies, processes and procedures for optimization of the inventory and earning high Return on Investment (ROI). The system is responsible for material provisioning, forecasting the demand of customers, planning of procurement, reviewing the stock level, storing and usage of materials, repairing and replacement of parts and disposal of materials (Christopher, 250). The team responsible for material provisioning has to perform four major functions i.e. establishment of optimum levels for re-ordering and safety maintenance, increase the number of requests required for timely purchases to ensure that items are available on time, data is accurately stored and high standards of safety and quality policies are followed that are set by the agencies of the aviation industry. Similarly, the component management team deals with the high value and rotable assets of aircraft components so that initial provisioning and re-provisioning can be easily done. By ensuring the best SCM best practices, Emirates is maintaining the top quality standards of service levels in a cost-effective manner. Key issues and challenges of SCM After analysis and assessment of the SCM process implemented at Emirates, it can be concluded that it has an efficient and well-designed system that ensures that it has adequate stock of supplies and product development process is effective for managing the product life cycle of its product and service offerings (Deveshwar and Rupa, 194). The key challenges and issues that can be faced in SCM of Emirates are as follows: Globalization With the advent of globalization, the IT infrastructure needs to be compatible with the requirements of the corporations that will ensure that all variations encountered are effectively handled. Since Emirates is a global airline, it has to ensure that it has effective SCM system on all of its destinations so that there is proper management of its fleet; the repair and maintenance services should be constant everywhere so that top quality of services is provided to every customer. Supply Chain disruption As SCM systems are based on IT infrastructure, there are chances that the system can get disrupted by any of unforeseen events such as interruption of IT system, improper functioning of the system, trouble in the airline systems that can affect the customer database and flight scheduling can be severely impacted and many more. If Emirates does not have a contingency plan for dealing with severe problem in SCM system, then it can effectively impact the Mitigation of damage When SCM system is implemented in the organization, it is vital for the professionals to keep some manual records and avail the insurance policy option so that damage can be mitigated. Emirates has bought insurance policies to minimize any loss that can be encountered when supplies are either damaged or are not compatible with the quality standards of the aviation industry. Conclusion and Recommendations For every organization, it is important to have a well-integrated SCM system that will ensure that its supply chain strategy is complementing the business strategy. With the help of an effective SCM system, Emirates Airline and its consumers and partners can have quicker and on-time orders, production planning and inventory management is effectively done, high rate of order fulfillment rate is observed, forecasting is efficiently completed and performance of the company can be easily monitored. An organization strives to be the leader in its industry by following a well-designed strategy that incorporates the companys mission, vision, values, goals and objectives so that it can attain its long-term competitive position in the market. Emirates has ensured that its SCM strategy is properly aligned with the business strategy. Every strategy in the SCM comprises of the plan that the company will implement for achieving its goal of capturing the target market and enhancing the satisfaction level of end consumers. The SCM strategy ensures that the logistics of the company are planned out in advance so that there is an adequate supply of raw materials, minimum level of inventory is maintained and the supply chain operations cost is reduced; all of these measures ensure that Emirates Airline is able to generate an appropriate amount of profit and maintain its strong position in the industry.

Jane Eyre

In this essay I will be exploring how Charlotte Bronte conveys hardships in her portrayal of life. Furthermore the issue of life in Victorian England and what Victorian readers may think of the treatment of children will also be looked upon. Many of the hardships that children face are shown through the several descriptions and the actions of characters that are close to Jane. Throughout the text we learn that the novel explores the lack of rights and mistreatment of an orphan by her rich relatives. The issues of child abuse are often considered between the Reed family. In the novel the portrayal of the reed children seems to interfere with Jane's life. The author emphasises them to be unfriendly and unkind to Jane as she is an adopted sister. They are shown as being immoral and haughty. They like to abuse Jane because they feel she is inferior. Their feelings of superiority towards Jane are what cause them to intimidate and torment Jane. The depiction of John Reed shows him to be a bully and unaffectionate: â€Å"John had not much affection for his mother or sisters† which indicates ungratefulness from John towards the rest of his family. Bronte tries to characterize him as a murderer. The quotation â€Å"I really saw in him a tyrant: a murderer† shows Jane's feelings towards John; that he is ruthless and bloodthirsty. This is so that the audience can realise how and what Jane feels about her unintelligent cousin. The portrayal of Georgina differs greatly from that of John. A â€Å"spoiled tempered† brat at the mere stage of childhood is the interpretation of Georgina. She is shown as being spiteful through the quote â€Å"acrid spite† and is additionally perceived to be arrogant which is publicized by the extract â€Å"insolent carriage†. These extracts indicate to us that despite the lack of violence that Georgina contributes towards Jane, Jane still dislikes Georgina. Other attributes of Georgina are her â€Å"pink cheeks† and â€Å"golden curls†. These underline features of Georgina that Jane likes, and could possibly be implying that she herself may want to develop the attributes of beauty seen within Georgina, as Jane may not be self confident of her own image. Eliza is pictorised as being â€Å"Eliza who was headstrong and selfish was respected† indicating the personality of Eliza. Eliza is also depicted as being quick-witted. There is no evident quote however by reading between the lines we can obtain this from the passage â€Å"Eliza just put her head in at the door, and said at once: â€Å"She is in the window-seat to be sure Jack. † Bronte dictates Jane's feelings so the audience are conscious of how and what Jane feels. Mrs Reed is another character of the novel. The way she treats Jane differs greatly from her own children's treatment. As the responsible adult of the household she is a role model for all the children, however her behaviour is not only damaging Jane, it is also harming her own children. Jane's harsh treatment from all the family is what causes her to be isolated and unsociable. She treats her children with respect, care and love. We can accumulate this information from the text â€Å"Eliza, John and Georgina were now clustered round their mama in the drawing-room: she lay reclined on the sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings about her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looking perfectly happy. † On the other hand her treatment towards Jane is cruel, unjust and inconsiderate. The quotation â€Å"she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contended, happy little children. † Shows us how immensely the treatment of Jane fluctuates from her cousins. Mrs Reed also treats Jane with unsympathetic punishment. For example when John Reed and Jane had a brawl, Jane was the one who was punished regardless of the fact that John began it. This is when Jane is sent to the red room; â€Å"Take her away into the red-room, and lock her in there† this indicates unfairness from Mrs Reed towards Jane as instead of John being reprimanded she is chastising Jane. All in all Mrs Reeds actions affect Jane in the worst ways possible. This is because as being the adult and landlord of the house she must control the actions of herself and others, however she does not do this for Jane's benefit therefore Jane is affected drastically. Not only do the actions of one adult articulate the way someone is treated but it is the way a certain group treats someone. In this case there are just three other adults in Jane's life that either treat her moderately or dishonestly. Abbot is loyal towards her mistress, Mrs Reed, and treats Jane the way Mrs Reed would treat her. The quotation â€Å"No; you are less than a servant, for you do nothing for your keep. † indicates that despite Jane is a member of the Reed family she is not treated to be as one by both the children and Abbot. Mr Lloyd is an â€Å"apothecary† who is treating Jane the day after her encounter with, what she recalled as being, a spirit. We learn that Jane is happy in Mr Lloyd's presence as he is a stranger to the occupants of Gateshead and due to this she is protected in his attendance. We can attain this from the quotation â€Å"I felt an inexpressible relief, a soothing conviction of protection and security, when I knew that there was a stranger in the room, an individual not belonging to Gateshead, and not related to Mrs. Reed. † this indicates that Jane is elated as in the presence of a stranger as she will not be physically abused. This in effect proclaims that Jane has a predominant fear of the Reed's especially Mrs Reed and John Reed. Bessie is manifested as someone who has a love for Jane to some extent as her opinion on Jane changes after the occurrence in the Red Room. However, when Jane misbehaves she handles her appropriately. Her treatment towards Jane is proclaimed through the text â€Å"Missis was rather too hard† which denotes that even Bessie finds Mrs Reed's treatment towards Jane extremely inconsiderate and inappropriate. On the other hand she treats Jane appropriately when Jane misbehaves or is blamed such as the incident after the fight; â€Å"If you don't sit still, you must be tied down,† which corroborates that Bessie is a fair person and is un-opinionated person towards Jane. Bronte also creates various moods to help the spectators appreciate Jane's situation. The weather is related to the mood that Jane will elaborate on in the following and upcoming paragraphs. We can notify this from the quote â€Å"the cold winter had brought with it clouds so sombre, and a rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. † This depicts the darkness, and darkness is usually related with evil and the presence of something terrible about to happen. The weather is like this on the day of Jane's fight with John Reed and the mood at the beginning of the chapter spawns suspense to some degree. Furthermore, the situation of the Reed accommodation is upon the heath. This shows isolation as there is nothing surrounding the house but grass and other greenery. It, in some ways, relates to Jane as she is isolated in the Reed household. Everyone is opposing her and no one is there to offer her help with the circumstances she is facing such as reciprocated abuse. Charlotte Bronte makes Jane's fears pragmatic through the dialogue and the description of the Red room. The quotation â€Å"the carpet was red; the table at the foot of the bed was covered with a crimson cloth;† depicts the colour of the room; red, hence the name â€Å"The Red Room†. Jane describes the Red room as being â€Å"one of the largest and stateliest chambers in the mansion. † She also describes some furniture such as â€Å"a bed supported on massive pillars of mahogany, hung with curtains of deep red damask,† Bronte does this so that reader gets an insight of the Red rooms features. The author starts to build up suspense by introducing that â€Å"Mr. Reed had been dead nine years: it was in this chamber he breathed his last:† which at once has a dramatic impact on the reader. It brings about the idea of the room being red. Red habitually relates to blood and the demise of Mr Reed enhances the flavour. Jane's fears are then brought to life through the text â€Å"and the strange little figure stood there gazing at me, with a white face and arms speckling the gloom,† this makes us sense a palpable atmosphere of mystery and the supernatural activities. This is somewhat retrospective of the death of Mr Reed and the connection of Red with blood, as now there is a traditional scheme of a ghost dwelling in the room of someone's bereavement. As Jane wakes up we notice that within the next few lines Jane's mood changes rapidly. At first she calm and collective, while she reflects on herself for example; â€Å"All said I was wicked, and perhaps I might be so:† but then after conceiving another paranormal vision her mood turns to anxious and petrified. The segments â€Å"My heart beat thick, my head grew hot† and â€Å"I rushed to the door and shook the door in desperate effort† expose Jane's fears as she is attempting to escape the room as her vision panics her. Bronte also exemplifies school life in her novel. In this she illustrates the daily hardships that young orphan children face. In this chapter we recognise that Jane isn't the only child being neglected. She uses Helen Burns as an example of the destitutions facing children. For example the fragment â€Å"the teacher instantly and sharply inflicted on her neck a dozen strokes with the bunch of twigs. † Which acquaints us that Jane isn't the lone child suffering. She also depicts the teacher to be inconsiderate and inequitable. For instance â€Å"Burns: her memory seemed to have retained the substance of the whole lesson, and she was ready with answers on every point. I kept expecting Miss Scatcherd would praise her attention† this demonstrates inequality and impoliteness from the teacher towards the pupil. There is also a poor quality of life for the residents of Lowood such as â€Å"the water was frozen† and â€Å"Breakfast time came at last, and this morning the porridge was not burnt; the quality was eatable, the quantity small; how small my portion seemed! I wish it had been doubled† this implies that the children are being malnourished. The schools are also cold which we can obtain from the text â€Å"I felt ready to perish with cold. and overcrowded; â€Å"in the course of the day I was enrolled a member of the fourth class,† this all indicates that school life for children was unimaginably pitiless and spiteful and living conditions were criticisable. All in all, throughout the first three chapters, we ascertain that life in Victorian England was appalling especially for orphan children. The poor had to work to earn a living, however, for the rich it was a walk in the park. Regardless of the fact that people had not to accept someone, they did although only for the sake of their reputation. This is what the Reed family did and accommodated Jane. However by doing so they may not comprehend the anguish they are presenting the adopted child. We also learn that school life for children in Victorian England was a disregard towards them as they were disrespected and ignored. The living conditions for children in the schools were abysmal as there were a number of students in one class and they were all emaciated. This may make Victorian readers think that the treatment of children was, to an intensity, immensely astringent, horrendous and unreasonable. It may also make them think about how they treated their children and whether they had mentally and physically destroyed their child's emotions by means of neglection. Bronte may have done this so that she could express her life to the public. She used her experiences in the Evangelical school and as governess to publish â€Å"Jane Eyre†. Also her experience at the Clergy Daughter's School, which she left due to harsh conditions, could be another reason. Overall her lifetime experiences are the reasons for her to publish this novel. Jane Eyre In this essay I will be exploring how Charlotte Bronte conveys hardships in her portrayal of life. Furthermore the issue of life in Victorian England and what Victorian readers may think of the treatment of children will also be looked upon. Many of the hardships that children face are shown through the several descriptions and the actions of characters that are close to Jane. Throughout the text we learn that the novel explores the lack of rights and mistreatment of an orphan by her rich relatives. The issues of child abuse are often considered between the Reed family. In the novel the portrayal of the reed children seems to interfere with Jane's life. The author emphasises them to be unfriendly and unkind to Jane as she is an adopted sister. They are shown as being immoral and haughty. They like to abuse Jane because they feel she is inferior. Their feelings of superiority towards Jane are what cause them to intimidate and torment Jane. The depiction of John Reed shows him to be a bully and unaffectionate: â€Å"John had not much affection for his mother or sisters† which indicates ungratefulness from John towards the rest of his family. Bronte tries to characterize him as a murderer. The quotation â€Å"I really saw in him a tyrant: a murderer† shows Jane's feelings towards John; that he is ruthless and bloodthirsty. This is so that the audience can realise how and what Jane feels about her unintelligent cousin. The portrayal of Georgina differs greatly from that of John. A â€Å"spoiled tempered† brat at the mere stage of childhood is the interpretation of Georgina. She is shown as being spiteful through the quote â€Å"acrid spite† and is additionally perceived to be arrogant which is publicized by the extract â€Å"insolent carriage†. These extracts indicate to us that despite the lack of violence that Georgina contributes towards Jane, Jane still dislikes Georgina. Other attributes of Georgina are her â€Å"pink cheeks† and â€Å"golden curls†. These underline features of Georgina that Jane likes, and could possibly be implying that she herself may want to develop the attributes of beauty seen within Georgina, as Jane may not be self confident of her own image. Eliza is pictorised as being â€Å"Eliza who was headstrong and selfish was respected† indicating the personality of Eliza. Eliza is also depicted as being quick-witted. There is no evident quote however by reading between the lines we can obtain this from the passage â€Å"Eliza just put her head in at the door, and said at once: â€Å"She is in the window-seat to be sure Jack. † Bronte dictates Jane's feelings so the audience are conscious of how and what Jane feels. Mrs Reed is another character of the novel. The way she treats Jane differs greatly from her own children's treatment. As the responsible adult of the household she is a role model for all the children, however her behaviour is not only damaging Jane, it is also harming her own children. Jane's harsh treatment from all the family is what causes her to be isolated and unsociable. She treats her children with respect, care and love. We can accumulate this information from the text â€Å"Eliza, John and Georgina were now clustered round their mama in the drawing-room: she lay reclined on the sofa by the fireside, and with her darlings about her (for the time neither quarrelling nor crying) looking perfectly happy. † On the other hand her treatment towards Jane is cruel, unjust and inconsiderate. The quotation â€Å"she really must exclude me from privileges intended only for contended, happy little children. † Shows us how immensely the treatment of Jane fluctuates from her cousins. Mrs Reed also treats Jane with unsympathetic punishment. For example when John Reed and Jane had a brawl, Jane was the one who was punished regardless of the fact that John began it. This is when Jane is sent to the red room; â€Å"Take her away into the red-room, and lock her in there† this indicates unfairness from Mrs Reed towards Jane as instead of John being reprimanded she is chastising Jane. All in all Mrs Reeds actions affect Jane in the worst ways possible. This is because as being the adult and landlord of the house she must control the actions of herself and others, however she does not do this for Jane's benefit therefore Jane is affected drastically. Not only do the actions of one adult articulate the way someone is treated but it is the way a certain group treats someone. In this case there are just three other adults in Jane's life that either treat her moderately or dishonestly. Abbot is loyal towards her mistress, Mrs Reed, and treats Jane the way Mrs Reed would treat her. The quotation â€Å"No; you are less than a servant, for you do nothing for your keep. † indicates that despite Jane is a member of the Reed family she is not treated to be as one by both the children and Abbot. Mr Lloyd is an â€Å"apothecary† who is treating Jane the day after her encounter with, what she recalled as being, a spirit. We learn that Jane is happy in Mr Lloyd's presence as he is a stranger to the occupants of Gateshead and due to this she is protected in his attendance. We can attain this from the quotation â€Å"I felt an inexpressible relief, a soothing conviction of protection and security, when I knew that there was a stranger in the room, an individual not belonging to Gateshead, and not related to Mrs. Reed. † this indicates that Jane is elated as in the presence of a stranger as she will not be physically abused. This in effect proclaims that Jane has a predominant fear of the Reed's especially Mrs Reed and John Reed. Bessie is manifested as someone who has a love for Jane to some extent as her opinion on Jane changes after the occurrence in the Red Room. However, when Jane misbehaves she handles her appropriately. Her treatment towards Jane is proclaimed through the text â€Å"Missis was rather too hard† which denotes that even Bessie finds Mrs Reed's treatment towards Jane extremely inconsiderate and inappropriate. On the other hand she treats Jane appropriately when Jane misbehaves or is blamed such as the incident after the fight; â€Å"If you don't sit still, you must be tied down,† which corroborates that Bessie is a fair person and is un-opinionated person towards Jane. Bronte also creates various moods to help the spectators appreciate Jane's situation. The weather is related to the mood that Jane will elaborate on in the following and upcoming paragraphs. We can notify this from the quote â€Å"the cold winter had brought with it clouds so sombre, and a rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. † This depicts the darkness, and darkness is usually related with evil and the presence of something terrible about to happen. The weather is like this on the day of Jane's fight with John Reed and the mood at the beginning of the chapter spawns suspense to some degree. Furthermore, the situation of the Reed accommodation is upon the heath. This shows isolation as there is nothing surrounding the house but grass and other greenery. It, in some ways, relates to Jane as she is isolated in the Reed household. Everyone is opposing her and no one is there to offer her help with the circumstances she is facing such as reciprocated abuse. Charlotte Bronte makes Jane's fears pragmatic through the dialogue and the description of the Red room. The quotation â€Å"the carpet was red; the table at the foot of the bed was covered with a crimson cloth;† depicts the colour of the room; red, hence the name â€Å"The Red Room†. Jane describes the Red room as being â€Å"one of the largest and stateliest chambers in the mansion. † She also describes some furniture such as â€Å"a bed supported on massive pillars of mahogany, hung with curtains of deep red damask,† Bronte does this so that reader gets an insight of the Red rooms features. The author starts to build up suspense by introducing that â€Å"Mr. Reed had been dead nine years: it was in this chamber he breathed his last:† which at once has a dramatic impact on the reader. It brings about the idea of the room being red. Red habitually relates to blood and the demise of Mr Reed enhances the flavour. Jane's fears are then brought to life through the text â€Å"and the strange little figure stood there gazing at me, with a white face and arms speckling the gloom,† this makes us sense a palpable atmosphere of mystery and the supernatural activities. This is somewhat retrospective of the death of Mr Reed and the connection of Red with blood, as now there is a traditional scheme of a ghost dwelling in the room of someone's bereavement. As Jane wakes up we notice that within the next few lines Jane's mood changes rapidly. At first she calm and collective, while she reflects on herself for example; â€Å"All said I was wicked, and perhaps I might be so:† but then after conceiving another paranormal vision her mood turns to anxious and petrified. The segments â€Å"My heart beat thick, my head grew hot† and â€Å"I rushed to the door and shook the door in desperate effort† expose Jane's fears as she is attempting to escape the room as her vision panics her. Bronte also exemplifies school life in her novel. In this she illustrates the daily hardships that young orphan children face. In this chapter we recognise that Jane isn't the only child being neglected. She uses Helen Burns as an example of the destitutions facing children. For example the fragment â€Å"the teacher instantly and sharply inflicted on her neck a dozen strokes with the bunch of twigs. † Which acquaints us that Jane isn't the lone child suffering. She also depicts the teacher to be inconsiderate and inequitable. For instance â€Å"Burns: her memory seemed to have retained the substance of the whole lesson, and she was ready with answers on every point. I kept expecting Miss Scatcherd would praise her attention† this demonstrates inequality and impoliteness from the teacher towards the pupil. There is also a poor quality of life for the residents of Lowood such as â€Å"the water was frozen† and â€Å"Breakfast time came at last, and this morning the porridge was not burnt; the quality was eatable, the quantity small; how small my portion seemed! I wish it had been doubled† this implies that the children are being malnourished. The schools are also cold which we can obtain from the text â€Å"I felt ready to perish with cold. and overcrowded; â€Å"in the course of the day I was enrolled a member of the fourth class,† this all indicates that school life for children was unimaginably pitiless and spiteful and living conditions were criticisable. All in all, throughout the first three chapters, we ascertain that life in Victorian England was appalling especially for orphan children. The poor had to work to earn a living, however, for the rich it was a walk in the park. Regardless of the fact that people had not to accept someone, they did although only for the sake of their reputation. This is what the Reed family did and accommodated Jane. However by doing so they may not comprehend the anguish they are presenting the adopted child. We also learn that school life for children in Victorian England was a disregard towards them as they were disrespected and ignored. The living conditions for children in the schools were abysmal as there were a number of students in one class and they were all emaciated. This may make Victorian readers think that the treatment of children was, to an intensity, immensely astringent, horrendous and unreasonable. It may also make them think about how they treated their children and whether they had mentally and physically destroyed their child's emotions by means of neglection. Bronte may have done this so that she could express her life to the public. She used her experiences in the Evangelical school and as governess to publish â€Å"Jane Eyre†. Also her experience at the Clergy Daughter's School, which she left due to harsh conditions, could be another reason. Overall her lifetime experiences are the reasons for her to publish this novel.

Different Types of Jet Engines

The Era Of America After The Antebellum Period - 1205 Words

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Maryland is possibly the most prominent Supreme Court case throughout the antebellum period that occurred in 1819, even though different interpretations of the Necessary and Proper Clause have led to many controversies regarding its meaning and the potential supreme authority of congress, this landmark case established that the federal government has certain implied powers under the constitution. Primarily, individuals who supported the National Bank argued that the bank was essential in regulating the money distributed by state banks. However, many states wanted nothing concerning the National Bank in their precincts in fear of state banks being rundown. Citizens that opposed claimed that Congress did not have the power to establish a National Bank andShow MoreRelated Change in Life from Antebellum to the New Deal Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages Modern America can be considered one of the world’s economic and industrial leaders. This didn’t happen instantaneously. 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